Einkommensteuer — self-employment, actual expenses (income tax + SVS)
activeSole proprietorWhat you pay
- Gewinnfreibetrag (Grundfreibetrag 15%) — 15% of profit (a deduction that lowers the tax base, not a payment)
- SVS social insurance (pension 18.5% + health 6.8% + provision 1.53%) — 26.8% of profit (min 1,774, max 26,030/year)
- SVS accident insurance (fixed) — fixed 12.96 per month (deductible from profit)
- Income tax (Einkommensteuer 2026) — progressive on profit (allowance 13,539): 20% up to 8,453, 30% up to 22,919, 40% up to 56,826, 48% up to 91,320, 50% up to 986,461, 55% above
Eligibility
- Activities: it-services, consulting, liberal-professions, most-independent-activities
- Requires tax residency
- The baseline route for a freelancer (Neue Selbständige — no trade licence needed for IT/consulting; Gewerbetreibende for licensed trades). Profit = revenue − actual business expenses; taxed under the progressive Einkommensteuer after the Gewinnfreibetrag, on top of SVS (GSVG) social insurance. Use the expense slider for real costs; the examples assume zero expenses (the maximum-tax case).
Net income examples
| Gross/year | Net/year | Burden |
|---|---|---|
| 30,000 EUR | 22,010 EUR | 26.6% |
| 60,000 EUR | 37,578 EUR | 37.4% |
| 120,000 EUR | 65,341 EUR | 45.5% |
Computed by our open tax engine — assumes no deductible expenses, full-year tax residency. Rules as of Jan 1, 2026.
Combined SVS (GSVG) rate 26.83% = pension 18.5% + health 6.8% + self-employment provision 1.53%, on the contribution base (min €6,613.20/yr, ceiling €97,020/yr) which equals the profit before SVS with the prescribed contributions added back; accident insurance is a fixed €12.96/mo. The Grundfreibetrag (15% of profit, max €4,950) reduces BOTH the income-tax base and the SVS base — a mild circularity (each reduces the other's base); the engine applies the Grundfreibetrag first, which is exact once profit clears €33,000 (where the €4,950 cap binds) and understates SVS by at most ~€230 below it. NOT modeled: the provisional first-three-years basis (contributions run on the minimum base then retro-assessed), the exact Selbständigenvorsorge/accident add-back nuance, DTA relief, and church tax. Actual business expenses lower the tax and SVS base via the expense slider (examples assume none).